Category Archives: Central Pacific coastal forests

Olympic Peninsula Mount Townsend hike

Today was our third day on the Olympic Peninsula. We’d seen the rainforest and coast; now we were going to see the mountains.

We didn’t see any other cars on the drive from Quilcene to the Mount Townsend trailhead. The 15-mile Forest Service Road was narrow, winding, and potholed, but at least it was paved. Just as with the Ozette Loop yesterday, we were surprised to find a parking lot full of cars at the trailhead on a weekday. This is another popular hike.

We started hiking at 11:30. A cool breeze blew fair-weather clouds overhead. We walked through an old-growth forest of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii), western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla), and western red-cedar (Thuja plicata).

Pacific rhododendron (Rhododendron macrophyllum) on Olympic National Forest Mount Townsend Trail

But the ancient trees were just a sideshow to the masses of pink blooming rhododendrons (Rhododendron macrophyllum) in the understory. It was magical hiking through the ancient, flowering forest.

As we climbed, we passed a few subalpine meadows, probably the results of frequent avalanches on the steep slopes. The meadow flowers had just started to bloom and I couldn’t resist trying to identify them. There were charming lupines (Lupinus arcticus), scarlet paintbrushes (Castilleja hispida var. hispida), and violets (Viola adunca). There were also checker lilies (Fritillaria affinis) and crimson columbines (Aquilegia formosa), two species familiar to me from the Bay Area.

View from Olympic National Forest Mount Townsend Trail

The thinning trees revealed dark, steep cliffs with snowfields filling their cracks and gullies. The mountains above us disappeared into the clouds, leaving us to wonder how much higher they got.

As we gained more elevation, the forests became shorter and the trees became more sparse. The montane species gave way to scattered subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa) and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta ssp. murrayana). It was interesting to see lodgepole pine, a familiar tree from our hikes in the High Sierra, in such a different environment.

Olympic National Forest Mount Townsend Trail

As we topped the saddle below Mount Townsend’s summit, the Olympic Mountains were laid out before us: rank after rank of black peaks split by white snow fields and touched by white clouds. The peaks dropped down into U-shaped valleys filled with dark green forests and bright green meadows. So, I thought, this is what the forests we’d been hiking in for the last two days looked like from above.

The alpine meadows weren’t yet blooming as fiercely as the subalpine meadows. The higher elevation meant that summer was still weeks away.

Prairie smoke (Geum triflorum) on Olympic National Forest Mount Townsend Trail

Nevertheless, I identified the more obvious and interesting flowers. There was western anemone (Anemone occidentalis) with cream-colored flowers, prairie smoke (Geum triflorum) with fuzzy rose flowers, and cascade wallflower (Erysimum arenicola) with bright yellow flowers. Silky phacelia (Phacelia sericea) was the coolest, with purple flowers and long, dark filaments ending in yellow anthers. Finally, there were the more pedestrian small-flowered penstemon (Penstemon procerus) and white and pink phlox (Phlox diffusa).

Mount Townsend summit ridge

We skirted the summit of Mount Townsend and continued on an irresistible half-mile along the summit ridge. Clouds rose up from the valley and blew across the trail. The views of the meadows, the stunted subalpine fir, and the surrounding peaks were spectacular.

We stopped for a snack on the rocky knob to soak in the views. The surrounding peaks were partially covered by clouds, but we were hardly disappointed with the dark crags and emerald valleys that remained unobscured.

Elizabeth on Olympic National Forest Mount Townsend summit ridge

After our break, we hiked to the summit so we could say we tagged it, and then started hiking back down. The trail’s easy grade was excellent for coasting downhill, and we made the 4.5 miles back to the car in 2 hours.

After the hike, we ate at Waterfront Pizza in Port Townsend. The pizza was great, but we still had leftover slices: lunch for tomorrow’s hike!


I used Erik Molvar’s thorough Hiking Olympic National Park guidebook to plan our Olympic Peninsula hikes.

I used the exhaustive but easy-to-use Plants Of The Pacific Northwest Coast to identify the plants we saw (Although prairie smoke’s not in there).

Olympic National Park Ozette Loop hike

It’s our second day on the Olympic Peninsula. Yesterday, we explored its temperate rainforests on the Skyline Trail to Three Lakes. Today, we would explore its wild Pacific coast on the 9-mile Ozette Loop.

We got to the trailhead and started the hike at 12:30. This presented a bit of a problem, since we had to get to Port Townsend, 3 hours away, to check in to our hostel before its front desk closed at 9:30. We’d have to stop for dinner, too. We had to move quickly.

There was a cool breeze. Low, broken clouds passed overhead. Unlike yesterday’s lonely hike to Three Lakes, this hike was immensely popular. Even though it was a Thursday, the parking lot was packed with the cars of both day and overnight hikers.

Olympic National Park Cape Alava Trail

We crossed the bridge over the Ozette River and entered the coastal rainforest. Remarkably, the trail to Cape Alava was almost entirely on a boardwalk—nearly three miles of it from the lake to the coast. I suspect the boardwalk was necessary to prevent erosion of the soft, almost swampy, soil of the forest floor.

Elizabeth and big western redcedar on Olympic National Park Cape Alava Trail

We immediately saw the three tree species we would see throughout our hike: western red-cedar (Thuja plicata), western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla), and Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis).

We found ripe blueberries (Vaccinium ovalifolium) and picked and ate some while we hiked. Salal (Gaultheria shallon) and bunchberry (Cornus canadensis) were both blooming. Elegant deer fern (Blechnum spicant) grew next to the trail. Huckleberry (Vaccinium ovatum) and skunk cabbage (Lysichiton americanum) were plentiful.

The hike featured forests in various ages of maturity: ancient old-growth with massive trees, second-growth with pole-sized trees, and meadows filled with shrubs and saplings. A deer approached us in one of the meadows, perhaps accustomed to handouts from hikers.

Ozette Island from Olympic National Park Cape Alava Trail

The breeze grew cooler as we approached the ocean. The trees thinned out to reveal blue-gray water ahead. We emerged from the forest to a whopping view of Ozette Island covered in Sitka spruce. The ocean was filled with sea stacks big and small.

Once we got to the shore, we climbed across a tangle of driftwood to get to the sand. We’d covered the 3 miles to the ocean in an hour and fifteen minutes. Not too bad.

Olympic National Park Ozette coast

Coastal hikes are better in theory than in practice. You imagine easy walking with great views and pleasant weather, but the reality is trekking on sand, rocks, seaweed, and driftwood while you’re exposed to relentless sunshine and salt-laden winds. We got all of those on today’s three-mile beach walk: we walked on dried mounds of odorous seaweed; we tiptoed on giant driftwood logs; we hopped over boulders. That doesn’t mean we didn’t enjoy ourselves; it was a great little adventure. But it wasn’t easy.

Wedding Rocks scramble on Olympic National Park Ozette Coast

The tide was high during our hike, so rather than walking around the two headlands on our route, we had to hike over them. Getting over the first headland involved scrambling up and down steep dirt and rocks.

Wedding Rock petroglyphs on Olympic National Park Ozette Coast

Elizabeth and I found old Native American petroglyphs next to the first headland. One depicted a marriage scene with a man and a woman and some fertility symbols. Another had whales and orcas.

Fixed rope up headlands on Olympic National Park Ozette Coast

Getting over the second headland was more involved: we had to use fixed ropes to climb up and down both sides. The ropes were helpful—if not necessary—and the scramble was a lot of fun.

View from Olympic National Park Sand Point

At the end of the coastal section of our hike, we climbed up Sand Point. The view was excellent, revealing dense green conifer forests reaching to the horizon. We took a break on the hill, then walked back into the forest.

The coastal walk took longer than I’d expected: we averaged only 1 mile per hour! We emptied the sand from our shoes and then hiked back at a brisk pace. Like the first leg of the hike, this one was mostly boardwalk, and we covered the three miles back to the trailhead in 50 minutes.

Elizabeth and big Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) on Olympic National Park Sand Point Trail

We got back to the trailhead at 6 and stopped for an excellent meal at Thai Peppers on the way to Port Townsend. We made it to our hostel just before its front desk closed.


I used Erik Molvar’s thorough Hiking Olympic National Park guidebook to plan our Olympic Peninsula hikes.

I used the exhaustive but easy-to-use Plants Of The Pacific Northwest Coast to identify the plants we saw.

Olympic National Park Three Lakes hike

Elizabeth and I are staying at Lake Quinault on the west side of the Olympic Peninsula. It was our first day here, and I wanted a good introduction to the peninsula’s famous rainforests.

There are trails from the lake up the main forks of the Quinault River that are tempting at first sight, but they take dozens of miles to gain elevation. Any dayhike would never leave the low-elevation rainforest. I wanted something with more variety, so I decided on an out-and-back hike on the Skyline Trail to Three Lakes: 14-miles with a 3,000 foot climb. Now that sounded interesting.

Blowdown on Olympic National Park Three Lakes Trail

We started hiking at 9 in the morning under sunny skies. My expectations were immediately confounded. Instead of a pristine rainforest, we saw a landscape with only a few tall, scrappy Douglas-firs towering over hundreds of others that had been toppled all over the hillside. A blowdown. Not what I expected, but still a natural state for the forest. In the coming decades, the lucky trees left standing would take advantage of the sunlight given up by their fallen comrades.

Forest on Olympic National Park Three Lakes Trail

Afterward, we hiked into the true lowland old-growth forest. The giant western red-cedars (Thuja plicata) were easily identifiable by their striated bark. Western hemlocks (Tsuga heterophylla) littered the trail with their tiny cones. Douglas-firs (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii) were the third obvious conifer, looking much the same here as they do in the Bay Area. In the forest openings were bigleaf maples (Acer macrophyllum) with their trunks and branches completely covered with moss. Bunchberries (Cornus canadensis)—tiny dogwoods, really—bloomed next to the trail.

Forest on Olympic National Park Three Lakes Trail

Bird songs filled the forest. A winter wren (Troglodytes troglodytes) landed on a snag and trembled as it sang its little heart out. Varied thrushes (Ixoreus naevius) sang their buzzing whistles. One hopped through the bushes right in front of us. A spotted owl (Strix occidentalis) hooted from some dark corner.

We got more views as we gained elevation. The surrounding hills were smooth green mounds carpeted with giant trees. The Olympic forests looked immense and inexhaustible.

As we approached 3,000 feet of elevation, Nootka cypress (Callitropsis nootkatensis) began to appear. Their weeping boughs, evolved for perpetual fog, rain, and snow, looked incongruous under the warm blue sky. A sign indicated the largest Nootka cypress ever recorded, a huge, hoary thing with a top so ragged it looked half dead.

Meadow on Olympic National Park Three Lakes Trail

The trees thinned out and we got more views of forested mountains. We hiked through wet meadows where dozens of toads jumped away from each footstep. The scenery was novel to me. I’d never seen a subalpine landscape where everything was green.

Unfortunately, we reached our turn-around time before we reached the Three Lakes (in hindsight, we were a fraction of a mile from the lakes, but we didn’t know it at the time). We stopped for lunch on a hill with a view of the meadows. Pink mountain-heather (Phyllodoce empetriformis) bloomed in mats all around us. Bear-grass (Xerophyllum tenax) was just starting to bloom.

Bear-grass (Xerophyllum tenax) Olympic National Park Three Lakes Trail

We ate cold pizza. We had leftovers from last night’s dinner and thought we’d make the most of them by packing them in paper towels and Ziploc bags for lunch today. It was an experiment, but the pizza turned out to be an excellent meal.

A musky scent wafted up whenever the wind stopped. I just assumed it was one of the nearby plants. But when we left, Elizabeth saw elk droppings, and further investigation revealed that I had probably been sitting on elk pee.

The hike back down was pleasant. I thought it would be faster than the hike up, but the rocks and roots on the trail kept us slow.

Irely Lake in Olympic National Park

We stopped at Irely Lake just before reaching the car. Big, weathered redcedar stumps stood out of the water, their buttressed roots making the lake look like a swamp. We couldn’t decide if the lake was man-made or not, since it seemed to have been created recently.

We finished the hike at 5:30, then stopped at the Lake Quinault Lodge for a fine dinner.


I used Erik Molvar’s thorough Hiking Olympic National Park guidebook to plan our Olympic Peninsula hikes.

I used the exhaustive but easy-to-use Plants Of The Pacific Northwest Coast to identify the plants we saw.